Process and apparatus for the manufacture of effect yarn

ABSTRACT

A process for manufacturing effect yarns comprising overfeeding at least one effect yarn in relation to at least one core yarn; guiding a binding yarn substantially parallel to the core and effect yarns; false twisting the effect and core yarns to form an intermediate yarn; binding the intermediate yarn with the binding yarn at the moment of the locking of the false twist to form a fancy yarn and receiving the fancy yarn. An apparatus for carrying out this process is provided.

1 11., ljmte tates tet 1191 1111 3,868,812 Chatin Mar. 4, 1975 [5 1 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE 2,309,095 1/1943 Bry 57/160 MANUFACTURE 0 EFFECT YARN 3,328,946 7/1967 Schumann et a1. 57/18 3,445,994 5/1969 Nalpas 57/12 Inventor: y Chalin, Chavanoz, France 3,508,389 4/1970 Chatin 57/16 I 3,570,233 3/1971 Nalpas et a1, 57/16 [73] Assgnee' ggff fi g- -gi j g -g 3,717,959 2/1973 Chatin 57/18 x [22] Filed: 1971 Primary Examiner-John W. Huckert 21 APPL 201,286 Assistant E.\'aminer-Charles Gorenstein R I t d U S A r t D t Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Sherman and Shalloway eae pplcalon aa [63] Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 99,536, Dec. 18,

1970, abandoned. [57] ABSTRACT [52] U S 57/12 57/16 57/58 52 A process for manufacturing effect yarns comprising H 57/77 3 6 overfeeding at least one effect yarn in relation to at [51] ML Cl. u D01 7/88, D02g3/34 d 3/38 least one core yarn; guiding a bmdmg yarn substan- Hgj Field of Search 57/12 16 17 63 tially parallel to the core and effect yarns; false twist- S7/18 160 58 ing the effect and core yarns to form an intermediate 7 i 5 5 5 6 yarn; binding the intermediate yarn with the binding yarn at the moment of the locking of the false twist to [56] References Cited form a fancy yarn and receiving the fancy yarn, An

UNITED STATES PATENTS apparatus for carrying out this prdcess is provided.

1,526,918 2/1925 Lipps 57/16 11 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures I PATENTEDHAR 4181s saw 2 ur 2 mum/me, FEM/ GMT/N PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF EFFECT YARN This application is a continuation-in-part of application 99,536, filed Dec. 18, 1970, now abandoned.

The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the manufacture of effect yarns such as loop yarns, flake yarns, knop yarns, etc. More particularly, this invention relates to a process and apparatus for manufacturing effect yarns by overfeeding one yarn with respect to another followed by twisting these yarns and binding with a binding yarn.

In the past, devices for producing effect yarns generally comprised hollow spindles having a bobbin from which a so-called effect yarn is taken up and wound around a so-called core yarn which goes through the hollow spindle. The yarn obtained by the winding of the effect yarn around the core yarn may then be bound on a similar device carrying a third so-called binding yarn which locks the effect in place.

It has also been proposed to manufacture these effect yarns in a one-step process by false twisting at least two yarns, one of which is overfed with respect to the others and binding these false twisted yarns when the false twist is locked. To carry out this process, a false twist device such as a flyer is mounted at the end of the spindle so that it rotates freely. This process, however, has the drawback that the path the effect yarn must travel is somewhat intricate and, in the case of high-count yarns, the effect sometimes becomes shifted during formation and produces an uneven looking thread. Also, using this type of device, when fragile yarns are produced, due to the amount of tension caused by this type of device, there is a great danger of breakage during twisting. This obviously is not desirable since any breakage during a continuous process requires extra handling.

To overcome this problem, it has been suggested to utilize as the flyer a rigid element such as a disc which has the false twist element mounted therein. However, this device, although offering certain advantages with respect to rigidity and stability, thus, alleviating somewhat the danger of breakage, has a great inertia making this type of device difficult to stop. Since the flyer must stop immediately with the rest of the machine, various methods to overcome this problem have been proposed, such as brakes. However, these solutions are not completely satisfactory and require intricate machinery.

It has now been found that fancy yarns may be manufactured by false twisting at least two yarns, i.e., an effect and core yarn by overfeeding at least one effect yarn with respect to the core yarn to form an intermediate yarn followed by binding with a binding yarn when the false twist is reversed, the improvement comprising feeding the binding yarn at the moment of false twist reversal substantially parallel to the intermediate yarn. A device for carrying out this process comprises means to overfeed at least one yarn in relation to other yarns, means for guiding the binding yarn substantially parallel to the intermediate yarn, means for false twisting of the intermediate yarn and applying the binding yarn and means for receiving the finished or fancy yarn.

It has also been found that by using the process and apparatus of this invention, slubbings or rovings and ribbons or slivers taken directly from the drawing frame may he used instead of core yarns and slubbings bing;

or rovings, ribbons or slivers and strips of textile material, paper, etc., may replace the effect yarns.

In the following description the term upstream" means the end of the apparatus toward the core yarn supply means and downstream" means the end of the apparatus toward the take up means.

It is the principal object of this invention to provide a process for producing fancy effect yarns.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a device for simply and economically producing fancy effect yarns.

It is a still further object of this invention to provide a process for producing fancy effect yarns by overfeeding at least one yarn with respect to the other to form an intermediate yarn and passing a binding yarn substantially parallel to the intermediate yarn and applying a binding yarn at the moment of false twist reversal.

It is a still further object of this invention to provide a process for producing fancy effect yarns using an effect material comprising yarns, slubbings or rovings, ribbons or slivers or strips of textile materials, paper, etc.

Still further objects and advantages of the process and apparatus of this invention will become more apparent from the following more detailed description of the attached drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the process of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the device of this invention with the twist blocking element located at the bottom end of the spindle, which spindle carries a bobbin of binding yarn;

FIG. 3 illustrates a false twist means having two false twist blocking elements;

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention with the twist blocking element located at the top end of the spindle which carries the binding yarn bobbin;

FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment similar to that in FIG. 1 wherein the effect yarn is a fiber sliver or slub- FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment similar to FIG. 4 wherein the core yarn is a fiber sliver or slubbing;

FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment utilizing two effect yarns.

Referring to FIG. 1, a core yarn (l) composed of any fibrous material which can be spun into yarn, such as natural fibers, artificial and synthetic fibers, or mineral fibers, is wound over the end of a bobbin (2) and through hollow shaft (3) of spindle (4) and an effect yarn (6) is fed from bobbin (5) through a roller system (7) and (8) and passes over a return element (20) to overfeed point (28). This effect yarn is overfed with respect to the core yarn (1). Core yarn (1) and overfed effect yarn (6) are joined into intermediate yarn (30) by false twisting in a twist blocking element (11) attached to the bottom end of the spindle (12) which carries bobbin (9) of binding yarn (10) by support (34). The fancy yarn (31) is then fed to means for receiving the fancy yarn (13). The receiving means may be any conventional take up device and may be controlled in a continuous or regular or intermittent or irregular manner by controller (33). The path of the intermediate yarn (30) from the overfeed point (28) to the false twist element (11) is defined as a path of travel.

FIG. 2 shows effect yarn (6) passing over a return element (20) and binding yarn (10) being guided through the shaft of spindle (12) parallel with the path of core yarn (1) and overfed effect yarn (6). Binding yarn (10) should be substantially parallel with respect to intermediate yarn (30) so that there is no tension when binding yarn (10) is wound around intermediate yarn (30).

FIG. 3, which is a more detailed illustration of the false twist element used in this invention, shows that it is composed of support (21) having two false twist blocking elements (22) and (23) arranged in a staggered manner so as to force the yarns to pass in a sinuous path and lock or set the twist. Although the use of rotatably mounted wheels as false twist blocking means is preferred, any false twist blocking means such as rotating or fixed wheels or bars may also be used.

Referring to FIG. 4, which shows a second embodiment of the apparatus useful in this invention, a false twist element (11) is attached to the top end of spindle (12) by member (14). Mounted at top of member (14) is member (15) which forces the binding yarn (10) to follow a path parallel to that of intermediate yarn (30).

As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the effect or core yarns may alternatively be composed of slivers or slubbings (l6) and (18) which come directly from drawing frames (17) and (19) of a conventional spinning machine. Alternatively the effect yarn may comprise strips of textile materials, paper, etc.

As shown in FIG. 7, a further embodiment of the present invention shows the feeding of two effect yarns (6) and (24) through delivery rollers (7), (8), (25), and (26) over return rollers and (27) to overfeed points (28) and (28) to form intermediate yarns (30) and (30). Using this embodiment, double effect and very bulky yarns may be produced.

In order to form the effect in the finished yarn, the effect yarn is overfed with respect to the core yarn. This over-feeding may either be controlled by controller (32) at a regular or at an intermittent or irregular rate. When the overfeeding is at a regular rate, the fancy effect yarn has regularly spaced knops or loops whereas, when the overfeeding is at an intermittent or ireegular rate, the knops or loops are randomly spaced. As shown in FIG. 7 when two or more different effect yarns (6) and (24) are used the controllers (32) and (32) may operate independently thereby forming many different and interesting effects.

As stated above, the core effect and binding yarns may be composed of any material capable of being formed into yarns, such as natural fibers, i.e., cottons, linens, wools and the like, synthetic or artificial fibers such as polyamides, polyesters, polyacrylonitrile, etc., minerals such as glass fibers, aluminum oxide fibers, etc. Also, slubbings or rovings, ribbon or slivers or strips of textile material, paper, etc. may be used for the effect yarn.

The process of forming the novel effect yarns of this invention will now be illustrated by the following illustrative examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Using the device illustrated in FIG. 1, a fancy effect yarn is produced using the following materials as core, effect, and binding yarns:

Core yarn: Glass filament yarn (continuous glass yarn) 340 dtex, initial twist 40 t/m of Z twist.

4 Effect yarn: Glass fiber slub (strand of glass fibers) I250 dtex (Nm 8) Binding yarn: Identical to core yarn.

The effect is formed by intermittently stopping the receiving means thereby varying the speed of the core yarn with respect to the effect yarn. The speed of the effect yarn through the delivery rollers equals 14.3 m/sec. The core and effect yarns and the binding yarn are fed parallel to each other through the binding spindle which is rotating at 3,000 t/min. and imparted an S-twist of 210 t/m. The yarn produced is a flake or shaded yarn with a final count equal to 2,500 dtex (Nm 3.9-4. l

EXAMPLE 2 Using the device shown in FIG. 1, a fancy effect yarn is produced using the following materials as core, effect, and binding yarns.

Core yarn: Continuous viscose yarn, I67 dtex/33 filaments t/m of S-twist.

Effect yarn: Acrylic fiber slub 4,000 dtex (Nm 2.5)

cotton cut from roving frame or slubber spool.

Binding yarn: Same as core yarn.

The effect yarn is fed continuously through the delivery rollers at a speed 17 percent less than the take-up speed. The core and effect yarns and the binding yarn are fed parallel to each other through a rotating spindle. With a spindle speed of 2,000 t/min. imparting an S-twist of t/m, a finished textured yarn is produced with a final count of 3,700 dtex (Nm 2.7).

EXAMPLE 3 Using the device illustrated in FIG. 1, the same materials as in Example 2 are used as the core, effect. and binding yarns. The effect is produced by intermittently stopping the take-up spindle and by delivering the effect yarn at a speed 17 percent less than the take-up speed. The core and effect yarns and the binding yarn are fed parallel to each other through a spindle rotating at 2,000 t/min and an S-twist of 234 t/m is imparted. The finished yarn has a final count of 5,500 dtex (Nm L8) and is a flaked or shaded yarn with a textured appearance between the flakes.

EXAMPLE 4 Using the device illustrated in FIG. 2, a loop or boucle type yarn is manufactured by using a core, effect and binding yarn comprising a I45 dtex/32 filament of polyethyleneterephthalate yarn. The overfeed rate of the effect yarn with respect to the core yarn is 230 percent. The overfeed ratio is defined as the actual length of the effect yarn in the composite yarn over the length of the composite yarn times 100. The core, effect and binding yarns are fed through a spindle rotating at 5,000 turns per minute so that the binding yarn is substantially parallel to the core and effect yarns and into a false twist device which produces a false twist of 700 turns per meter. This produces a yarn having 9,800 meters to the kilogram. The yarn produced in this example has a regular loop appearance and also has a high count.

EXAMPLE 5 Using the proceduree of Example 3, the same yarns are used for the effect, core and binding threads. The effect yarn is fed at an overfeed ratio of 320 percent. The core, effect and binding yarns are fed through the spindle which is rotating at 5,000 turns per minute so that the binding yarn is substantially parallel to the core and effect yarns. The false twist element is said to produce a false twist of 890 turns per meter. This produces a yarn having a length of 7,500 meters to the kilogram which has, in addition to its loop effect, a flaked or shaded appearance.

As illustrated by these examples, it is possible, using the process and apparatus of this invention, to produce effect yarns with almost any desired effect and to obtain the same with both high and low count yarns. Also, the simplicity of the present invention allows the same to be incorporated into any present industrial procedure with minimal modifications.

What I claim is:

1. An apparatus for manufacturing fancy yarn including: means for supplying a core yarn to at least one overfeed point; at least one means for supplying an effect yarn to said overfeed point, the effect yarn being overfed in relation to the core yarn; false twist means spaced from said overfeed point to define a path of travel for the core and effect yarns from said overfeed point to said false twist means; the core and effect yarns being assembled into an intermediate yarn by said false twist means along said path of travel; means for supplying a binding yarn; means to bind the intermediate yarn with the binding yarn upon the reversal of the false twist forming a fancy yarn; and means for receiving the fancy yarn, the improvement which comprises means located along said path of travel for guiding the binding yarn substantially parallel to the intermediate yarn.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said binding yarn supply means comprises a bobbin of binding yarn disposed on a tubular spindle, said psindle being located so that said path of travel passes through said spindle.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said false twist means is located at the downstream end of said tubular spindle.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the false twist means comprises a member attached to a hollow spindle having at least one grooved wheel as a false twist blocking means.

5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said false twist means comprises a member attached to a hollow spindle, said false twist means having at least one bar which blocks the false twist.

6. The apparatus of claim 2. wherein the supply means for the effect yarn is controlled at a constant rate.

7. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the supply means for the effect yarn is controlled at an irregular rate.

8. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said means for receiving the yarn is controlled at a constant rate.

9. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the means for receiving the yarn is controlled at an irregular rate.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said binding yarn supply means comprises a bobbin of binding yarn disposed on a tubular spindle, said spindle being located so that a linear extension of said path of travel passes through said spindle.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said false twist means is located at the upstream end of said binding yarn supply means. 

1. An apparatus for manufacturing fancy yarn including: means for supplying a core yarn to at least one overfeed point; at least one means for supplying an effect yarn to said overfeed point, the effect yarn being overfed in relation to the core yarn; false twist means spaced from said overfeed point to define a path of travel for the core and effect yarns from said overfeed point to said false twist means; the core and effect yarns being assembled into an intermediate yarn by said false twist means along said path of travel; means for supplying a binding yarn; means to bind the intermediate yarn with the binding yarn upon the reversal of the false twist forming a fancy yarn; and mEans for receiving the fancy yarn, the improvement which comprises means located along said path of travel for guiding the binding yarn substantially parallel to the intermediate yarn.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said binding yarn supply means comprises a bobbin of binding yarn disposed on a tubular spindle, said psindle being located so that said path of travel passes through said spindle.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said false twist means is located at the downstream end of said tubular spindle.
 4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the false twist means comprises a member attached to a hollow spindle having at least one grooved wheel as a false twist blocking means.
 5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said false twist means comprises a member attached to a hollow spindle, said false twist means having at least one bar which blocks the false twist.
 6. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the supply means for the effect yarn is controlled at a constant rate.
 7. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the supply means for the effect yarn is controlled at an irregular rate.
 8. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said means for receiving the yarn is controlled at a constant rate.
 9. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the means for receiving the yarn is controlled at an irregular rate.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said binding yarn supply means comprises a bobbin of binding yarn disposed on a tubular spindle, said spindle being located so that a linear extension of said path of travel passes through said spindle.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said false twist means is located at the upstream end of said binding yarn supply means. 